Plantarray植物功能生理表型研究系统：光烟草表皮蜡成分对干旱期间的叶片有何作用

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Plantarray植物功能生理表型研究系统：光烟草表皮蜡成分对干旱期间的叶片有何作用

发表时间：2022-12-14 15:18:33点击：625

来源：北京欧亚国际科技有限公司

Plantarray是一款基于称重的高通量、多传感器生理表型平台以及植物逆境生物学研究通用平台。该系统可持续、实时测量位于不同环境条件下、阵列中每个植株的土壤-植物-空气（SPAC）中的即时水流动。直接测量根系和茎叶系统水平衡和生物量增加，计算植物生理参数以及植物对动态环境的反馈。系统以有效、易用、无损的方式针对植物对不同处理的反应、预测植物生长和生产力进行定量比较，广泛应用于生物胁迫和非生物胁迫以及植物栽培加速育种研究等，胁迫研究涵盖干旱胁迫、盐胁迫、重金属胁迫、热、冷胁迫、光胁迫以及灌溉/养分、CO₂指示、植物健康等领域的研究。

尽管进行了数十年的广泛研究，但表皮脂质在维持植物健康中的作用仍远未被理解。我们利用基因组编辑的光烟草（Nicotiana glauca）研究了不同种类的表皮蜡在非生物胁迫（如表皮失水、干旱和光照反应）中的意义。

我们生成了系列不同蜡成分的突变体。四个蜡突变体和一个角质突变体被广泛用于研究它们对非生物胁迫的反应变化。

尽管突变导致角质层水分损失增加，但蜡突变体在非胁迫条件下没有表现出蒸腾作用增加或生长减缓。然而，在干旱条件下，缺乏烷烃的植物无法减少其蒸腾作用，导致叶片死亡、恢复受损和茎开裂。相比之下，脂肪醇缺乏的植物表现出较高的耐旱性，这是本研究中检测的参数中，植物表型并不以光泽/白霜外观进行分组。

我们得出结论，尽管烷烃对整个光烟草的影响很小，在正常、非胁迫条件下，蒸腾作用和生物量增加在干旱反应过程中是必不可少的，因为它们使植物在气孔关闭时封闭角质层，从而减少叶片死亡，促进快速恢复。

Tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) cuticular wax composition is essential for leaf retention during drought, facilitating a speedy recovery following rewatering

Summary

Despite decades of extensive study, the role of cuticular lipids in sustaining plant fitness is far from being understood. We utilized genome-edited tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) to investigate the significance of different classes of epicuticular wax in abiotic stress such as cuticular water loss, drought, and light response.

We generated mutants displaying a range of wax compositions. Four wax mutants and one cutin mutant were extensively investigated for alterations in their response to abiotic factors.

Although the mutations led to elevated cuticular water loss, the wax mutants did not display elevated transpiration or reduced growth under nonstressed conditions. However, under drought, plants lacking alkanes were unable to reduce their transpiration, leading to leaf death, impaired recovery, and stem cracking. By contrast, plants deficient in fatty alcohols exhibited elevated drought tolerance, which was part of a larger trend of plant phenotypes not clustering by a glossy/glaucous appearance in the parameters examined in this study.

We conclude that although alkanes have little effect on whole N. glauca transpiration and biomass gain under normal, nonstressed conditions, they are essential during drought responses, since they enable plants to seal their cuticle upon stomatal closure, thereby reducing leaf death and facilitating a speedy recovery.